Workflow tools probably should be prov:Plan, a subclass of prov:Entity. PROV can cover attribution of things, agents (people and orgs) acting on behalf of other agents, and virtual and physical locations (prov:atLocation). Tool provenance is a little smaller-scoped than workflow invocation provenance, but obviously we want the two to mesh neatly.
Below I'm going to use Turtle to write out an example, but the tool XML can obviously embed RDF-XML instead.
We would need to supply a little bit of our own vocabulary:
galaxy:Tool rdfs:subClassOf prov:Plan.
Citing a book in a tool might look like this:
:mytool a galaxy:Tool;
[1]
dx.doi.org will return RDF for the document if you ask for it. We can use their vocabulary within our own RDF if there is no DOI for it.
<
http://id.crossref.org/contributor/milton-abramowitz-1hbgxt653tpie> a foaf:Person> ;
foaf:familyName "Abramowitz" ;
foaf:givenName "Milton" ;
foaf:name "Milton Abramowitz" .
doi:10.1119/1.15378
prism:doi "10.1119/1.15378" ;
prism:startingPage "958" ;
prism:volume "56" ;
dc:creator <
http://id.crossref.org/contributor/milton-abramowitz-1hbgxt653tpie> ;
dc:date "1988"^^<gYear> ;
dc:identifier "10.1119/1.15378" ;
dc:isPartOf <
http://id.crossref.org/issn/0002-9505> ;
dc:publisher "American Association of Physics Teachers (AAPT)" ;
dc:title "Handbook of Mathematical Functions with Formulas, Graphs, and Mathematical Tables" ;
bibo:doi "10.1119/1.15378" ;
bibo:pageStart "958" ;
bibo:volume "56" ;
owl:sameAs <doi:10.1119/1.15378> , <info:doi/10.1119/1.15378> .