Hi Ryan, What you're suggesting to do is still somewhat experimental but we're continuing to work on it to make it more integrated into the Galaxy ecosystem and more robust. There are really three general approaches:
1. Run Galaxy via CloudMan 100% on AWS. This option is most robust and basically ready for use but, over time and if you decide to make modifications to various pieces of the puzzle, will require an increased understanding of how CloudMan works. It's also the most expensive option.
3. Run your Galaxy UI locally and create Ansible roles/tasks to dynamically acquire cloud instances and assemble those into a cluster. You will probably want to use Pulsar for job management again. This option gives you most control but also means you'll need to build the system. Nate may also have more comments about this.
I've also put some comments about your specific questions inline.
Hope this helps clarify the situation at least. We're actively working on this scenario so things should get easier in the future. Let us know if you have more questions and what you decide.
Cheers,
Enis